Theoretical Yield Calculator

Theoretical yield is the maximum mass of product that stoichiometry predicts you can obtain from a chemical reaction when the limiting reagent is completely consumed. It represents the upper bound of what you can produce, and your actual yield as a fraction of it gives you the percent yield. Calculating it requires three pieces of information from the balanced chemical equation: the mass and molar mass of the limiting reagent (to find moles), the mole ratio (the number of moles of product produced per mole of limiting reagent, taken from the coefficients in the balanced equation), and the molar mass of the product (to convert moles to grams). The calculation is a straightforward three-step process: divide the reagent mass by its molar mass to get moles; multiply by the mole ratio to get moles of product; multiply by the molar mass of the product to get the mass. This calculator carries out all three steps when you enter the four required values. You can enter the number of moles of limiting reagent directly if you have already converted from mass. The mole ratio field accepts any decimal, so a ratio of 2:3 would be entered as 0.667. The calculator is used in chemistry courses at secondary and university level, in research and industrial settings where accurate yield prediction affects scale-up decisions, and in cost estimation for chemical production.

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The mole ratio comes from the balanced chemical equation: moles of product coefficient divided by moles of limiting reagent coefficient. For a 1:1 ratio enter 1.