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Construction Loans and Progress Payments

🏗️ How a Construction Loan Works

Financing a new build is different from buying an existing home. A construction loan does not hand over all the money at once; it releases funds in stages as the build progresses, called progress payments or drawdowns. You usually pay interest only on what has been drawn so far, and the loan converts to a normal mortgage once the home is finished.

Key Point: A construction loan is drawn down in stages that match the build, such as foundations, frame, roof, and completion. Each drawdown is released after the bank confirms that stage is done. You pay interest only on the amount drawn so far, so payments start small and grow as the build progresses. When the home is complete, the loan typically becomes a standard mortgage. The contract type, fixed-price or cost-plus, strongly affects your risk of cost overruns.

Staged Drawdowns

Typical StageWhen Funds Release
FoundationsAfter the slab or foundations are done
Frame and roofOnce the structure is up and closed in
Fit-outAs interior work progresses
CompletionOn practical completion and code compliance

Why It Is Staged

The bank releases money only as value is added to the property, which protects them and you. It also means you are not paying interest on the whole loan from day one, since you only owe interest on what has actually been drawn.

💵 Interest and Payments During the Build

Interest Only on What Is Drawn

During construction you generally pay interest only, and only on the amount drawn so far. Early on, with just the foundations paid, the interest is small. As more is drawn for the frame, roof, and fit-out, the interest grows.

After the first drawdown, interest is charged on that amount only
Each further stage adds to the drawn balance and the interest
Payments rise through the build as more is drawn
On completion, the loan becomes a normal repayment mortgage

Budget for the Build Period

If you are renting while you build, you are paying rent plus the growing construction interest at the same time. Budgeting for this overlap is important, as it is a common pinch point that catches people out.

Two costs at once: While building, you may be paying both your current accommodation and rising construction loan interest. Plan for this double cost across the build, which can take many months.

Each Drawdown Needs Approval

The bank usually requires confirmation, such as an inspection or builder's certification, before releasing each stage. Delays in the build can delay drawdowns and payments to the builder, so keep the process moving and the paperwork ready.

📑 Fixed-Price vs Cost-Plus Contracts

The Contract Type Drives Your Risk

How your build contract is structured has a big effect on cost certainty.

ContractHow It WorksCost Risk
Fixed-priceAn agreed total for the defined workLower, but watch for excluded items and variations
Cost-plusYou pay the actual costs plus a marginHigher, the final cost is uncertain

Fixed-Price

A fixed-price contract gives a known total for the specified build, which suits financing because the bank and you know the number. But read what is included and excluded, and understand that variations and provisional sums can still change the price.

Cost-Plus

With cost-plus, you pay the real costs plus the builder's margin. It can suit complex or uncertain builds, but the final figure is open-ended, which is riskier for budgeting and finance. A contingency buffer is essential.

Always hold a contingency: Builds overrun more often than not, through variations, delays, and surprises. A contingency buffer on top of the contract price protects you from being caught short before completion.

💡 Common Mistakes

Mistake 1: Forgetting the Rent-Plus-Interest Overlap

Paying rent and rising construction interest together can strain a budget. Plan for both across the whole build.

Mistake 2: No Contingency

Assuming the contract price is the final cost is risky. Variations and overruns are common, so hold a buffer.

Mistake 3: Not Understanding the Contract

Fixed-price and cost-plus carry very different cost risk. Know which you have and what is included before signing.

Mistake 4: Expecting Money Up Front

Funds release in stages, after each is confirmed. Builders need to be paid in line with that, so understand the drawdown schedule.

A Simple Approach

1. Understand the staged drawdown schedule
2. Expect interest-only payments that grow through the build
3. Budget for rent plus construction interest together
4. Know whether your contract is fixed-price or cost-plus
5. Hold a contingency for overruns and variations

See our Building a House guide for the wider build process, and the Property New Build Calculator. Final word: a construction loan releases money in stages as the build progresses, with interest charged only on what is drawn, then converts to a normal mortgage. Plan for the build-period costs, understand your contract type, and hold a contingency. This is general information, not advice; work with your bank, lawyer, and builder.

🎯 Test Your Knowledge

Quiz on Construction Loans (20 Questions)

1. A construction loan releases money:
In stages as the build progresses
All at once up front
Only at the end
Never
2. These staged releases are called:
Progress payments or drawdowns
Refunds
Dividends
Bonuses
3. During the build you usually pay:
Interest only on what has been drawn
Full principal and interest from day one
Nothing
Double interest
4. Early in the build, the interest is:
Small, because little has been drawn
At its highest
Zero forever
Fixed for the whole loan
5. As the build progresses, payments:
Rise as more is drawn
Fall
Stay the same
Stop
6. When the home is complete, the loan typically:
Becomes a normal repayment mortgage
Is cancelled
Stays interest-only forever
Is refunded
7. Each drawdown is released after:
The bank confirms that stage is done
You ask once
The build finishes entirely
A year passes
8. Staging protects:
Both the bank and you, releasing money as value is added
Only the builder
No one
Only the council
9. While building and renting, you may pay:
Rent plus rising construction interest together
Nothing at all
Only rent
A single fixed fee
10. A fixed-price contract gives:
An agreed total for the defined work
An open-ended cost
No price at all
A guaranteed refund
11. A cost-plus contract means you pay:
The actual costs plus a margin
A fixed total only
Nothing
Less than the costs
12. Cost risk is higher with:
Cost-plus, since the final cost is uncertain
Fixed-price always
Neither
Renting
13. Even fixed-price contracts can change due to:
Variations and provisional sums
Nothing ever
The weather only
Your tax code
14. A contingency buffer is:
Essential, since builds often overrun
A waste of money
Never needed
Illegal
15. Build delays can:
Delay drawdowns and payments to the builder
Speed up funding
Lower your interest
Have no effect
16. You pay interest on:
The amount drawn so far, not the whole loan
The full loan from day one
Nothing
Double the drawn amount
17. Before signing a build contract, you should:
Know which type it is and what is included
Sign without reading
Ignore the inclusions
Assume nothing changes
18. A drawdown often needs:
An inspection or builder's certification
Nothing
A new loan each time
A council sale
19. The double cost during a build can last:
Many months
A day
An hour
No time at all
20. The overall message is:
Funds come in stages with growing interest; budget for it, know the contract, and hold a contingency
All money arrives up front
Contracts do not matter
No buffer is needed

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